Turbine.



'(LSAWIN.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED 513.15, 190a.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Mil/ 3 c. SAWIN. TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB, 16, 1908.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

avwentoz CHARLES SAWIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TURB INE Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 15, 1908.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

Serial No. 416,12.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES SAWIN, citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to rotary engines of the steam turbine type, and has for its object to provide an improved construction as will more fully hereinafter appear. Special features of the invention are the arrangement of the turbine wheels oppositely on the same shaft, with the how of the motor fluid in op posite directions through the same, so that the end thrust is balanced; and also an improved arrangement of the controlling devices; and furthermore a novel arrangement of reaction plates, to utilize additionally the flow of the steam.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a central vertical section of the engine. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section on the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a top plan view. Fig. a is an elevation of the shut-oh" device or controller. Fig. 5 is a View in elevation showing the reaction plates.

The casing of the engine consists of a cylinder A and its heads B. At the middle this cylinder has a transverse partition C which divides the same into two steam chambers F and F. The shaft G extends through the cylinder and through the heads thereof, and has its bearings in the nuts H on the outside of the cylinder heads. Two turbine wheels I and I are mounted in the respective steam chambers in the casing. Each turbine consists of a solid center piece J through which the shaft extends and which is secured on a threaded portion of the shaft. Each of the drums or pieces J has a series of circumferential blades K, and the drum and its blades rotate in close proximity to a flange M projecting inwardly from the inside surface of the cylinder. The blades are inclined or curved at an angle to the axis. As shown, the wheels are oppositely arranged in the respective compartments, and consequently balance each other. Steam is admitted to each wheel through ports in a port plate 0 which is located in proximity to the front or outer face of the wheel and is secured to the flange M by bolts u. The ports 79 in the port plate are curved in shape to direct the flow at a most effective angle toward the blades, said angle being substantially perpendicular to the angle which the blades form with respect to the axis. The ports expand toward the wheel to increase the velocity or impact force, the small inlets of the ports being indicated at g and the enlarged outlets at 1*. Except for the ports stated, the plate 0 closes communi cation between the steam chamber and the wheel chamber.

The steam inlet is indicated at P and flows through the pipes S and S to the respective steam chambers F anc F from which it passes through ports in the plate 0 and enters the turbine wheels, producing the rota tion thereof, and finally exhausting through the outlet R.

Supported on the partition C, adjacent to each of the turbine wheels, are a series of reaction plates Z, so disposed that the steam flowing from the wheels will impinge and rebound and strike the blades again. Said reaction plates are quite clearly shown in Fig. 5, being curved in outline and projecting outwardly toward the wheel, with the concave side presented toward the direction of rotation or flow of the steam as it escapes from the wheel, and arranged at proper angle to direct the rebound toward the wheel. again.

The flow of steam through the ports in the port plate C is controlled by means of a ring I which has holes w adapted to register with the entrances g of the ports in the port plate. The ring TV is arranged to turn on a sleeve U which is or may be formed integral with the port plate 0 and which has a reduced extension V which projects through the cylinder head and receives the nut H. The shaft G extends through the sleeves U and V as well as through the plate 0, and the head B seats against the shoulder v at the end of the sleeve U. The rings may be turned to open or close the ports by means of a rock shaft X which extends through the casing longitudinally and is connected to each of the rings by means of a fork e which engages over a pin y on each ring. The rock shaft has a handle 03 whereby it may be turned to shift the rings and open or close the ports.

I claim:

1.. The combination of a cylindrical casing, a wheel with blades rotatable therein, a plate fitting over the front of the wheel and having a sleeve held in the head of the casing through which sleeve the shaft extends, said plate having a circular row of ports extending therethrough and toward the wheel, and a ring extending around the sleeve and having holes adapted to register with the ports, and means extending outside the easing to shift the ring, to open or close the ports.

2. The combination of a cylindrical casing having chambers and inlets at opposite ends and an exhaust at the middle, a partition across the middle of the casing, a circular flange between the partition and each of said casings, a wheel with blades rotatably mounted in the circle of each flange, and a plate secured to each flange and extending across the face of the wheel and having ports communicating between the chamber and the wheel.

3. The combination of a casing having a partition and an exhaust at the middle and inlets at each end, a pair of bladed wheels rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the casing and connected to each other through the partition, the wheels having a flow therethrough of motive fluid from the respective inlets, and reaction plates projecting from the partition toward the wheels and constructed to return the fluid toward the wheels.

&. The combination of a casing having walls inclosing inlet and exhaust chambers, a wheel with blades between the same, having a flow therethrough and a ring of reaction plates secured to the wall of the exhaust chamber opposite the blades and shaped to redirect the fluid toward the blades.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES SAXVIN.

Vitnesses NELLIE FnL'rsKos, H. G. BATCI'IELOR. 

